Islamic extremists attack Malian troops in Gao

GAO, Mali (AP) ? Black-robed Islamic extremists armed with AK-47 automatic rifles invaded Gao in wooden boats Sunday to launch a surprise attack on the most populous city in northern Mali, two weeks after French and Malian troops ousted the jihadists.

Gunfire echoed for hours across the city of mud-walled buildings. The combat started at about 2 p.m. in downtown Gao and the fighting was continuing as night fell. Later the sound of gunfire was replaced by the clattering of French military helicopters overhead.

The attack in Gao shows the Islamic fighters, many of them well-armed and with combat experience, are determined and daring and it foreshadows a protracted campaign by France and other nations to restore government control in this vast Saharan nation in northwest Africa.

The Islamic radicals fought against the Malian army throughout the afternoon and were seen roaming the narrow streets blanketed in sand and on rooftops in the center of Gao, which had a population of 90,000 before the conflict caused thousands to flee.

Families hid in their homes. One family handed plastic cups of water through the locked iron gate to others hiding on their patio. Piles of onions lay unattended where market women fled when the Islamists arrived. There were no signs of civilian casualties.

The fighting appeared to center near the police headquarters, where Malian soldiers with rocket propelled grenades traded fire with the combatants believed to be from the Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa, or MUJAO. The only sound in the city was gunfire and the bleating of goats. Soldiers were positioned at every corner in the neighborhood.

Ever since French forces took Gao on Jan. 26, the Islamic rebels had clashed with security forces on the city's outskirts. This was the first time they succeeded in entering the strategic city.

The Islamic fighters used pirogues, large wooden dugouts with motors, and other boats to cross the Niger River and penetrate Gao, according to French Gen. Bernard Barrera, who cited Malian officials.

The Islamic radicals had already tried to spread violence into Gao. On Saturday night, a suicide bomber detonated himself at a checkpoint at the entrance to the city, killing himself and wounded one Malian soldier. An earlier suicide bomber on a motorcycle also blew himself up at the same security spot on Friday, killing only himself.

Besides Gao, French and Malian forces have also retaken the fabled city of Timbuktu and other northern towns, pushing the Islamic extremists back into the desert, where they pose a constant threat to Malian and allied forces. But the Islamic fighters made strategic retreats and are dug into desert hideouts, from where they are expected to continue challenging the control of the cities by French, Malian and allied forces. Several African nations have contributed troops to battle the extremists, who imposed their harsh version of Islamic Shariah law when they controlled the northern cities.

The armed Islamic fighters seized the northern half of Mali in April 2012, sending poorly disciplined and equipped Malian forces retreating in disarray. France launched its military intervention in its former colony on Jan. 11 when the Islamic radicals, many of whom had fought for ex-Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi, began encroaching on the south, threatening the capital Bamako which lies deep in southern Mali, 1,200 kilometers (750 miles) from Gao.

France has said that it wants to hand over responsibility to the Malian military and other African nations who have contributed troops and has raised with the United Nations Security Council the possibility of establishing a U.N. peacekeeping operation in Mali.

Sunday's open combat and the two suicide bomb explosions have frightened many Gao residents.

Fears of suicide bombing attacks in Gao have been high since the discovery of industrial-strength explosives in the city last week. Four Malian soldiers also were killed by a land mine in the town of Gossi, raising fears the militants were planting explosives in the road.

Friday's suicide bomber had been living at a known jihadist hideout in Gao, according to local residents. A guard at the home said that it had been visited three months ago by the one-eyed terror leader Moktar Belmoktar, who claimed responsibility for the attack on the BP-operated natural gas plant in Algeria last month.

Other jihadist leaders from MUJAO also had stayed in the luxurious two-story home with a verdant courtyard, which the militants took over when they captured Gao last year, the guard said.

On Sunday, crowds of nearby residents gathered under the shade of a few trees by the site of the suicide bombing attack. It was the second time in as many days that their homes had been shaken by blasts from suicide bombers.

"I am really afraid. You hear about these kinds of things in Pakistan or Afghanistan," said Maouloud Dicko, 30, as he sat on his motorcycle. "Gao is becoming like Pakistan."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/islamic-extremists-attack-malian-troops-gao-225124291.html

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Surgeons find better ways to treat nerve compression disorder that can sideline athletes, studies suggest

Feb. 7, 2013 ? Two new studies from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis suggest ways to improve surgical treatment for a debilitating condition caused by compressed nerves in the neck and shoulder.

The condition, neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome, causes pain, numbness or tingling in the shoulder, arm or hand and is perhaps best known for affecting baseball pitchers and other elite athletes. Patients often describe pain and tension in the neck and upper back, numbness and tingling in the fingers, headaches and perceived muscle weakness in the affected limb.

Treatment begins with physical therapy and sometimes medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants. When these treatments fail to improve symptoms and there is substantial disability in the use of the affected upper extremity, surgery can help relieve pressure on the nerves, often by removing the first rib and other structures thought to be causing the compression.

One study reported that adolescents do even better after surgery than adults, but evidence suggests that this may not be due to age alone. In the second study, the researchers found that minimally invasive surgery may be just as good for select patients as the traditional, more extensive approach.

Both studies appear online in the Journal of Vascular Surgery and are important contributions to the field, according to the papers' senior author, Robert W. Thompson, MD, professor of surgery and director of the Washington University Center for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome at Barnes-Jewish Hospital.

The center treats one of the highest volumes of patients in the country, and the paper comparing treatment outcomes by age includes the largest series of adolescent patients reported in the literature to date.

"This is an important message for pediatricians who treat teenagers, especially teenage athletes," Thompson says. "These are patients who can do extremely well if identified early and treated."

The study compared outcomes of the traditional surgery in 189 patients treated from 2008 through 2010. Thirty-five of the patients were under age 21, with an average age of 17. The remaining 154 patients were over age 21, with an average age of 40.

Both groups showed substantial improvement in symptoms and function at three and six months after surgery, but the adolescent group did significantly better. In fact, a combined measure of shoulder, arm and hand function, pain and severity of symptoms was almost four times better in the adolescent group than the adult group six months after surgery. Adults also reported about four times greater use of pain medication after surgery compared to adolescents.

While much of this gap may simply be attributed to age, other differences between the two groups could be useful in identifying ways to improve outcomes for adult patients. For example, duration of pain and use of opiate pain medications before surgery were significantly higher in adults, perhaps contributing to their merely moderate improvement, compared with younger patients. Such evidence suggests that if adults were to seek treatment earlier or use less pain medication, they would perhaps do better following surgery.

"These factors may be related to age to some degree, but we need to sort that out," Thompson says. "Here we have a young group of patients that consistently does very well after surgery. If we can determine which factors contribute to their good outcomes that are independent of age, we may be able to improve the outcomes even further for our adult patients."

The second paper showed that certain patients may do just as well with a minimally invasive procedure done on an outpatient basis as those who require the traditional surgery. The traditional procedure has an average five-day hospital stay.

This study looked at 200 patients treated for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome from 2008 through 2011. To determine the best surgical approach for each patient, the doctor examined two locations of potential nerve compression -- the side of the neck above the collarbone and the upper chest just below the collarbone, near the shoulder.

If patients experienced pain and tenderness in both places, they were offered the traditional procedure that includes removing the first rib and scalene muscles in the neck and detaching the tendon of the pectoralis minor muscle, which connects to the top and front of the shoulder blade. Of the 200 patients, 143 underwent this procedure.

When symptoms occurred exclusively under the collarbone, patients only received detachment of the pectoralis minor tendon as a minimally invasive procedure. The remaining 57 participants in the study underwent this outpatient procedure.

To determine outcomes, the researchers compared various measures of the patients' arm and shoulder function before surgery and again three months after surgery. Both sets of patients improved significantly after surgery, and the extent of their improvement was not statistically different. At the three-month mark, about 75 percent of patients in both groups demonstrated improved function in the affected areas.

"The ideal candidate for the minimally invasive procedure would be a patient with characteristic and debilitating symptoms, no response to physical therapy and clinical exam findings that were completely localized to the pectoralis minor tendon," Thompson says. "That's the really exciting subset of patients. You might be able to have a big impact with a minor outpatient procedure. The trick is to properly identify these patients. We still have to rely primarily on the experience of the physician and old-fashioned diagnosis by physical exam -- knowing the anatomy, knowing what we're feeling and what elicits symptoms."

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Washington University in St. Louis. The original article was written by Julia Evangelou Strait.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal References:

1. Francis J. Caputo, Anna M. Wittenberg, Chandu Vemuri, Matthew R. Driskill, Jeanne A. Earley, Rahul Rastogi, Valerie B. Emery, Robert W. Thompson. Supraclavicular decompression for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome in adolescent and adult populations. Journal of Vascular Surgery, 2013; 57 (1): 149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2012.07.025
2. Chandu Vemuri, Anna M. Wittenberg, Francis J. Caputo, Jeanne A. Earley, Matt R. Driskill, Rahul Rastogi, Valerie B. Emery, Robert W. Thompson. Early effectiveness of isolated pectoralis minor tenotomy in selected patients with neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Journal of Vascular Surgery, 2013; DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2012.11.045

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/-3JrX6k8LOI/130207192107.htm

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At Obama's inauguration, a Stars and Stripes made in Belgium?

BRUSSELS (Reuters) - When President Barack Obama was sworn in for his second term on January 21, it's a decent bet that one of the flags fluttering behind him on the U.S. Capitol was made in Belgium.

The Waelkens flag company, based in the small town of Oostrozebeke in Flanders, supplies around 2,000 flags a year to the United States, with clients including the Pentagon and other U.S. government departments as well as the United Nations.

But it's not just the far side of the Atlantic where the company is gaining ground - it also makes flags for NATO, national militaries, the European Union and just about every country in the world, from China to Nigeria.

"We have a lot of know-how about how we have to make flags and a big tradition of embroidery," said Benedikt Waelkens, who runs the company with his brother, David. "There aren't a lot of people in the world who can and are making handmade flags."

Benedikt said clients keep coming back because of the company's unique flag-making knowledge and its faithfulness to tradition. National and institutional flags have extremely precise guidelines about how they must be made - down to the number of stitches per centimeter and specific fabric shades.

What began in 1928 as a family business making embroidered garments for priests is now, four generations later, an international enterprise with a growing reputation.

Nearly half of Waelkens' flags are embroidered - some even by hand - setting the company apart from competitors who produce printed flags. David believes embroidery carries more symbolism and likens it to art, since a handmade flag can take four or five days to complete.

Benedikt said a large, handmade U.S. flag costs about 400 euros ($540). Waelkens has four-year contracts with the EU, NATO and the United Nations - each of which have scores of buildings and hundreds of ceremonial rooms that fly flags.

Benedikt explains the business in terms of hierarchy: the highest-profile EU or UN officials have the nicest flags in their offices - made of silk, embroidered and with fringe. But below the top, there are hundreds if not thousands of other civil servants who also have banners, albeit of lesser quality.

During the financial crisis in 2007, Waelkens moved its screen printing business to Romania, but the brothers say they want to keep most of the company in Belgium for tradition's sake.

Benedikt wouldn't give details on the privately held company's income but said 2012 was its best year. He attributes the success in part to consolidation in the industry as well as to the company's vertically integrated model - it makes, sells and markets its flags and even produces the flagpoles.

But perhaps the key to the business is its personal, family touch - some of the brothers' current employees also worked for their father and with their grandfather.

"Human capital of the company is the most important thing," said Benedickt. "Happiness of your people, you cannot buy that."

(This version of the story corrects the headline to add the question mark and clarifies the U.S. government departments in paragraph two.)

(Reporting By Teddy Nykiel; editing by Luke Baker and Matthew Tostevin)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/obamas-inauguration-stars-stripes-made-belgium-181946720.html

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Liberty Global to buy Virgin Media for $16B

ENGLEWOOD, Colo. (AP) ? Liberty Global Inc., the cable TV operator owned by media mogul John Malone, is buying U.K.-based Virgin Media Inc. in a deal valued at $16 billion.

The cash and stock deal announced late Tuesday creates a company that will provide stiffer competition in the U.K. to satellite TV provider BSkyB, in which Malone's rival Rupert Murdoch's News Corp. owns a 40 percent stake.

Liberty Global and Virgin Media said tie-up will create a broadband communications company covering 47 million homes and with 25 million customers in 14 countries.

Liberty Global has pay-TV operations around the world and is the largest cable operator in most of its 11 European markets.

Liberty Global's CEO Mike Fries said that after the deal, about 80 percent of the company's revenue will come from five countries: the U.K., Germany, Belgium, Switzerland and the Netherlands. The two companies said they had combined revenue of $16.8 billion last year.

Virgin Media is the second-biggest pay TV company in the U.K. after BSkyB, or British Sky Broadcasting Group PLC. Virgin Group boss Richard Branson ? a multibillionaire, like Malone and Murdoch ? still holds a minority stake.

The companies said the transaction is equal to $47.87 per Virgin Media share. That's about a 24 percent premium on the closing price of Virgin Media's U.S.-traded stock on Monday.

The stock surged almost 18 percent Tuesday to close at $45.61 after the company said it was in acquisition talks with Liberty Global.

Liberty Global will remain based in Englewood, Colo., while Virgin Media will continue to operate under its namesake brand in the U.K.

Virgin Media shareholders are set to get about 36 percent of Liberty Global's outstanding shares and about 26 percent of the voting rights, the companies said.

They added that they expect about $180 million in annual costs savings once they are fully combined. They didn't say whether any of their employees will be laid off as part of the cost cutting. More details about the companies' plan could emerge during a management conference call scheduled for 8:30 a.m. EST Wednesday.

Liberty Media also said it plans to buy back about $3.5 billion worth of its shares over a two-year period after the Virgin Media deal is closed.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2013-02-05-Liberty%20Global-Virgin%20Media/id-8b4a62dad106451d81b859556ef4735b

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Cancer researchers reveal mechanism to halt cancer cell growth, discover potential therapy

Feb. 4, 2013 ? University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI) researchers have uncovered a technique to halt the growth of cancer cells, a discovery that led them to a potential new anti-cancer therapy.

When deprived of a key protein, some cancer cells are unable to properly divide, a finding described in the cover story of the February issue of the Journal of Cell Science. This research is supported in part by a grant from the National Institutes of Health.

"This is the first time anyone has explained how altering this protein at a key stage in cell reproduction can stop cancer growth," said Bennett Van Houten, Ph.D., the Richard M. Cyert Professor of Molecular Pharmacology at UPCI and senior author of the research paper. "Our hope is that this discovery will spur the development of a new type of cancer drug that targets this process and could work synergistically with existing drugs."

All cells have a network of mitochondria, which are tiny structures inside cells that are essential for energy production and metabolism. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) helps mitochondria undergo fission, a process by which they split themselves into two new mitochondria.

In breast or lung cancer cells made to be deficient in Drp1, the researchers observed a huge network of highly fused mitochondria. These cancer cells appear to have stalled during a stage in cell division called G2/M. Unable to divide into new cells, the cancer growth stops. Those cells that do try to divide literally tear their chromosomes apart, causing more stress for the cell.

The cover of the Journal of Cell Science includes a colorful image of a breast cancer cell deficient in Drp1 that is stuck during the process of separating its chromosomes into two identical sets to be divided among two new cells. Lead author Wei Qian, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow in Dr. Van Houten's laboratory, captured the image using a confocal microscope at Pitt's Center for Biologic Imaging run by Simon Watkins, Ph.D., a co-author of this study.

"Once we revealed this process for halting cancer cell growth by knocking out Drp1, we began looking into existing compounds that might utilize a similar mechanism," said Dr. Van Houten. "Now that we know affecting mitochondria in this manner inhibits cell growth, we could target drugs to this biological process to treat cancer."

The researchers found a compound called Mdivi-1 that makes cancer cells behave much the way they do when deficient in Drp-1. When used in combination with cisplatin, a drug already used to treat many solid cancers, rapid cell death can be induced in a wide range of cancer cells. This means that Mdivi-1 makes cisplatin work better.

Mdivi-1 is being tested in cancer cells in a laboratory setting. Those tests show that, while the compound acts as though it is depriving cancer cells of Drp1, it is actually using a different mechanism.

"To me, that's the serendipity of science, and it's really exciting," said Dr. Van Houten, who hopes eventually to move his laboratory tests on Mdivi-1 to clinical trials. "We were on the hunt for a drug that could make cancer cells deficient in Drp1 and, instead, we found a new cancer therapy that seems to work really well."

Additional co-authors include Serah Choi, Gregory A. Gibson, and Christopher J. Bakkenist, Ph.D., all of the University of Pittsburgh.

This work was funded in part by a grant with the Pennsylvania Department of Health, PA CURE. It also was supported by funding from NIH grants R01CA148644, P30CA047904, P50CA097190, and P50CA121973.

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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/y4P3KhRaN3Q/130204095928.htm

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"A good place to start is with the kids"

House Majority Leader Eric Cantor (R-VA) listens to his introduction before speaking at the American Enterprise??

House Majority Leader Eric Cantor, R-Va., said on Tuesday that the children of illegal immigrants should be granted a path to citizenship, providing a clue about how the GOP-controlled House may tackle immigration reform this year.

"A good place to start is with the kids," Cantor said during his speech at the American Enterprise Institute. "One of the great founding principles of our country was that children would not be punished for the mistakes of their parents. It is time to provide an opportunity for legal residence and citizenship for those who were brought to this country as children and who know no other home."

Earlier on Tuesday, Cantor declined to endorse a bipartisan immigration reform blueprint in the Senate, which calls for a gradual path to citizenship for most of the nation's 11 million illegal immigrants. Whether to legalize most of that group is likely to be a sticking point between Democrats and Republicans as they hash out a reform plan.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/ticket/eric-cantor-says-undocumented-children-offered-citizenship-194427232--election.html

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Mali hails 'savior' Hollande, he says fight not over

TIMBUKTU, Mali/BAMAKO (Reuters) - Cheering, grateful Malians mobbed French President Francois Hollande on Saturday as he visited French troops fighting Islamist jihadist rebels, and he pledged France would finish the job of restoring government control in the Sahel state.

In a one-day trip to Mali accompanied by his ministers for defense, foreign affairs and development, Hollande was hailed as a liberator in the ancient northern city of Timbuktu, which French and Malian forces retook from the rebels six days ago.

He also received a rapturous reception in the capital Bamako, where he said the Islamist fighters allied to al Qaeda had suffered heavy losses in a three-week-old French intervention that he ordered last month at Mali's request.

Although the insurgents have been driven from Mali's main northern towns, Hollande cautioned that the task of France's military operation in Mali, codenamed Serval (Wildcat) and involving 3,500 soldiers on the ground, was not yet over.

"There is still a whole part of the north that remains unconquered ... There are terrorist elements concentrated in some areas of the country, others who are dispersed. There are risks of terrorism. So, we have not yet finished our mission," he told a news conference at the French ambassador's residence.

He added France would withdraw its troops from Mali once the West African country had restored sovereignty over all its national territory and a U.N.-backed African military force, which is being deployed, could take over from the French.

"We do not foresee staying indefinitely," he said, but he spelled out no specific time frame for the French mission.

Mali's interim President Dioncounda Traore thanked "our brother" Hollande for launching the French intervention. It has cost the life of only one French serviceman so far and has driven the rebels into the mountains of northeast Mali.

"Together we will hunt the terrorists down to their last hiding place," Traore said.

In Timbuktu, several thousand local residents in colorful robes and wraps sang and danced, shouting "Thank you, France" and "Papa Hollande". In Bamako, there were similar scenes, with thousands cheering Hollande and waving French flags.

"Vive Hollande, Vive la France," said one Bamako resident, Sidibe Lisa Camara. "Hollande our Savior!" read one banner.

The United States and the European Union are backing the Mali intervention as a counter strike against the threat of Islamist jihadists using the inhospitable and ungoverned Malian Sahara as a launch pad for international attacks.

They are providing training, logistical and intelligence support, but have ruled out sending their own ground troops.

TIMBUKTU TO "SHINE" AGAIN

In Timbuktu, the Saharan trading town and seat of Islamic learning that spent 10 months under rebel occupation, Hollande visited the Djingarei-ber Mosque and the Ahmed Baba Institute, a library of ancient manuscripts that was ransacked by the rebels.

Hollande said it was essential that Timbuktu, a UNESCO World Heritage site, should be properly protected so that it could "shine" as a cultural treasure for the world.

Heavily armed French soldiers in armored vehicles and Malian troops protected the French leader as he visited the mosque, which was built from mud bricks and wood in 1325.

"We have got our old lives back," said Khalifa Cisse, the muezzin or crier who calls the faithful to prayer at the mosque.

Hollande has repeated that the French operation, where the ground forces are backed by warplanes, helicopters and armored vehicles, aims to make way eventually for the larger multi-national African force, which is still being put in place.

Drawn mostly from Mali's West African neighbors, this force is expected to number more than 8,000. But its deployment has been badly hampered by shortages of kit and airlift capacity and questions about who will fund the estimated $1 billion cost.

France's role in Mali has raised fears of reprisal attacks by Islamist radicals against French and other Westerners.

A Frenchman was among four people killed in Senegal's southern Casamance region on Friday when suspected separatists clashed with troops, but the incident did not appear to be linked to Mali.

UNVEILED WOMEN DANCE WITH JOY

The international community has greeted the liberation of Timbuktu with relief. It is a center of Islamic scholarship in the tolerant Sufi tradition, but the radical Islamist occupiers smashed ancient Sufi mausoleums, calling them idolatrous.

The rebels also destroyed up to 2,000 of some 300,000 priceless ancient manuscripts held in the city. Experts say the bulk of the texts are secure and safe, however.

Timbuktu residents rejoiced at being freed from the severe version of sharia (Islamic law) imposed by the rebels, who had forced women to go veiled and inflicted beatings and amputations. Hollande said Mali's courts and the International Criminal Court should try those responsible for war crimes.

"These so-called Islamists did nothing but evil to us, they beat people, they cut off limbs," said Lala Toure, a woman who went unveiled and wore a short-sleeved white T-shirt with the printed words "Thank you France for your help".

Cisse, the muezzin, said the rebels, grouped in a loose alliance that includes al Qaeda's North African wing AQIM, had tried to impose an unfamiliar radical form of Islam on Mali.

French air strikes have forced the rebel fighters to retreat into the remote Adrar des Ifoghas mountains near the Algerian border. Hollande said this was where the rebels were holding seven French hostages previously seized in the Sahel.

He called on the jihadists to release the hostages and said everything was being done to obtain their freedom.

The next stage of the fight against the rebels, in a harsh Saharan battleground, could test the French and Malian forces and their African and other allies.

(Additional reporting by Elena Berton in Paris; Writing by Pascal Fletcher; Editing by Stephen Powell)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/french-president-visits-mali-support-french-troops-084423526.html

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